The production of high performance materials is divided into two families:
- Top-Down
The art of sculpting the material starting from a massive material to give it final dimensions at the micrometric or nanometric scale as is the case in the semiconductor industry by sculpting materials such as silicon (qualified approach of Top-Down).
- Bottom-Up
The art of assembling matter from atoms, molecules, cells to create unique materials (membrane, aerosol …). We are talking here about self-assembly (bottom-up approach).